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Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems: 2024, 26, 23

Night eating syndrome, impulsivity, sleep disorder and craving in opioid use disorder patients in remission phase

Pınar Erdogan Turkmen, Ali Erdogan, and Burak Kulaksızoglu

Digital Object Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.62401/2531-4122-2024-23

Summary: Aim. We aimed to compare opiate use disorder patients (OUD) in remission with healthy volunteers in terms of night-eating syndrome, sleep disorder, and impulsivity and to determine the relationship between these variables and craving. Methods. Using a cross-sectional design, we compared 100 OUD patients who had been in remission for at least one month on buprenorphine/naloxone therapy and were not using any other medication and 100 healthy volunteers. Socio-demographic Data Form, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Night-eating Questionnaire (NEQ), and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11 (BIS-11) were administered to all participants. Craving was assessed in the OUD group with the Substance Craving Scale (SCS). Results. The NEQ total score (p<0.001), BIS-11 total score (p=0.009), and PSQI score (p<0.001) were higher in the OUD group compared to healthy controls. 26% of the OUD group had night-eating syndrome based on the cutoff score of the NEQ, and 67% had poor sleep quality, according to the PSQI cutoff score. A regression analysis showed that poor sleep quality (β=0.200, p=0.039) and increased impulsivity scores (β=0.345, p<0.001) were positively and independently associated with substance craving scores. Conclusion. Our results suggest that OUD patients in remission have worse sleep quality, a higher incidence of night-eating syndromes, and higher impulsivity compared with healthy controls. Additionally, our findings showed poor sleep quality and impulsivity directly predicted craving in OUD.

Keywords: Opiate use disorder; Craving; Impulsivity; Night eating syndrome; Sleep disorder; remission phase